CAD and CAM technology represents the result of decades of advancements in manufacturing automation, driven by a diverse group of innovators, mathematicians, and machinists, all working to shape the future of manufacturing through technology.

The term “CAD-CAM” typically refers to the software used in design and machining or manufacturing with CNC machines. CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design, while CAM stands for Computer-Aided Manufacturing. CAD software allows users to design and create objects by drawing geometric shapes to form a model. However, it’s important to note that not all manufactured parts need to be designed as solid 3D models.

In CAD, part shapes can be created using wireframe geometry, including points, lines, and circles, often for designing 2D shapes intended for machining. Typically, CAD software enables the creation of surfaces and 3D contours that define the shape, which can then be utilized in CAM for the CNC machining process. 

Modern CAD software supports the design of parts for 2, 3, 4, and 5-axis CNC machining. As such, CAD software is an essential component of the manufacturing process, as the designed parts are transferred to CAM for programming the machine’s operations.

The term “CAM” is commonly used in the industry to refer to Computer-Aided Manufacturing or Machining. CAM comes into play after the completion of a CAD design, converting the CAD model into machine-readable code that can be used by milling machines, lathes, and other CNC machines. This machine language, often called "G-Code," guides the tools in the manufacturing process. Before the CAD model can be translated into machine language, the CAM software must be programmed to calculate the tool paths that the cutting tools will follow to remove excess material and shape the part. CAM is commonly used in CNC milling, CNC lathes, and CNC routers, but it is also integral to programming for CNC water jets, plasma cutters, lasers, and CNC burning machines.

The CAM software determines the appropriate tool paths, cutting speeds, and feeds for each operation. Operators can input tool data or select tools from a library within the software, choose materials, and create optimized tool paths for machining the CAD part. The range of tool paths in CAD-CAM programming is extensive, as various tool paths are used for different machining tasks. Common types include hole drilling, 2D tool paths, and 3D tool paths, which can involve operations such as profiling, pocketing, facing, engraving, and 3D contouring.

Manufacturing involves a variety of CNC machines, with popular brands including Haas, Hurco, Fadal, Bridgeport, Mori Seiki, and Fanuc, among others. Even manual machines can be converted into CNC machines by adding motors, CNC controllers, and other components. The CAM software translates the tool paths and all necessary machining details into NC Code via a "Post Processor," ensuring the generated code is compatible with the specific machine. These post processors can often be customized by the operator or a CAD-CAM technician, making them an essential part of the CNC programming process.

CAD-CAM software combines design and manufacturing processes, playing a vital role in modern automation. CAD (Computer-Aided Design) is used to create 2D or 3D models of parts using geometric shapes. These designs are then transferred to CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing), which generates the machine code, typically in the form of G-Code, to guide CNC machines like mills, lathes, routers, and more.

In CAD, parts are often created using wireframe geometry (points, lines, circles) for 2D shapes or 3D surfaces for more complex designs. Modern CAD software supports 2 to 5-axis CNC machining, making it essential for producing accurate, programmable models for manufacturing.

CAM software converts CAD designs into cutting paths for tools that remove excess material to form the final part. CAM tools help determine cutting speeds, feeds, and optimal toolpaths, including operations like drilling, pocketing, and 3D contouring. CAM systems are used for various CNC machines, from milling and lathes to water jets, plasma cutters, and lasers.

The CAM software uses a "Post Processor" to create machine-specific NC code, ensuring compatibility with different CNC machines. These processes are customizable, and the combination of CAD and CAM technology is crucial for efficient, automated manufacturing.